In the past few decades, a remarkable progression occurred in the field of Human Genetics – the discipline that provides essential knowledge to understand human biology in normal and abnormal conditions.  This was importantly attributable to the strong impetus of the Human Genome Project (HGP), the internationally collaborative effort to sequence the whole human genome comprising about 3.2 gigabases (Gb) and to identify about 25,000 human genes.  This project announced its success on April 14^th, 2003¹ – two years ahead its original schedule which was coincidentally the 50^th anniversary of Watson and Crick’s discovery of the double helical structure of DNA².